Duty to identify
Since 2 February 2004, when performing certain activities on behalf of their clients, lawyers have been subject to the preventive section of the money laundering legislation (Act of 11 January 1993 on the prevention of the use of the financial system for money laundering and terrorist financing). This legislation aims to prevent money laundering and terrorist financing and, to that end, imposes a number of mandatory obligations on lawyers, non-compliance with which may result in disciplinary sanctions and administrative fines.
Firstly, our lawyers are required to identify our clients and to request and retain a number of documents attesting to that identity. Throughout the client relationship, lawyers are also subject to a duty of vigilance which may result in additional information being required. We have this duty of information and vigilance not only with regard to our clients – natural and legal persons – themselves, but also with regard to their agents, such as company directors.
When, in the course of carrying out the activities envisaged by the law, lawyers discover facts which they know or suspect to be related to money laundering or terrorist financing, they must immediately report this to their President of the Bar, except when their activities are aimed at determining the legal position of their client or defending or representing their client in (connection with) a lawsuit. It is the President of the Bar who will make the decision whether or not to forward the information received to the Financial Information Processing Unit.
These obligations obviously do not affect the professional secrecy that continues to characterise the relationship between the client and his lawyer.